Means for attaching the sides and ends of vehicle-bodies to the frames thereof.



PATENTED DEC. 15, 1903. F. I. JUNGINGER. MEANS FOR ATTACHING THE SIDES AND ENDSOF VEHICLE BODIES T0 THE FRAMES THEREOF.

APPLICATION FILED NOW-8. 1902.

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UNITED STATES Patented December 15, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK J. JUNGINGER, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

MEANS FOR ATTACHING THE SIDES AND ENDS OF VEl-IICLE-BQDIES TO THE FRAMES THEREOF.

:PEGIFIGATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 746,845, dated December 15, 1903. Application filed November 8, 1902- Serial No.- 130,542. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

. Be it known that I, FREDERICK J. J UNGIN- GER, a citizen of the United States, and a resi-. dent of the city of Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Means for Attaching the Sides and Ends of the Bodies of Road-Vehicles to the Frames Thereof, of which the following is a specifi I cation.

The several features of my invention and y In the accompanying drawings, making a part of this application, and in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts, Figure 1 represents a transverse horizontal section of a wagon-body, illustrating my invention.

plane of the dotted line 1 1 of Fig.9. Fig. 2

is an elevation of the inside of one of the side panels and showing the bolts for connecting the same in the frameworkof the body in position on the said panel. Fig. 3 is a view in perspective of one of the bolts employed by me in securing the panels to the body-frame. Fig. 4 is a View of a rod'for connecting the bolts to the panelsand of the provision combined with said rod for-holding the said rod permanently to place while employed in holding the bolts to the panel. Fig. 5 is a vertical section through the panel and an adjacent bar of the frame, only the lower portion of the said parts being shown. The figure illustrates the mode in which the hook and the provision shown'in Fig. 4 is combined with the panel and bar. Fig; 6 is an enlarged view of the section, such as is shown in one of the corners of the wagon-body in Fig. 1.

The part shown in Fig. 3 is on a scale four times larger than that of Figs. 1 and 2. v

The parts shown in Figs. 4, 5, and 6 are there presented on a scale three times larger than that of Figs. 1 and "2. I will now proceed to describe my invention in detail. Y

A indicates a body of a road-vehicle.

B B, respectively, indicate the side panels.

0 C, respectively, indicate the end panels. At each corner of the body and against the inner side of each of the panels which there meet'is an upright post or pillar D. These The section is taken in the posts D may be connected directly to the floor of the body; but the preferred construction includes frame-pieces, such as E E E E, one for each end and one for each side. Each frame-piece is at or near the bottom of the body and alongside of its adjacent panel for the length of such panel. The posts D are secured to the frame E E E E at the corners thereof. The frame-pieces E E E E when at the bottom of the body are technically known as sills.

Wherever the seat of the body is located it is customary to locate against the inside panels a sufficient number of upright posts D and to connect them above where the seat comes by connecting pieces E The seat rests upon such a support and is fastened to it.

In the present illustrative instance the seat is located near the mid-lengi h of the body and rests upon the frame E E E E at the plane H. (See Fig. 2.)

The panels of the vehicle-body are intentionally thin. Hence they cannot well be secured to the frame by screws starting from the inside of the frame and extending through the frame and into the panel, because the panel is not thick enough to hold these screws and prevent them being torn loose during the'ordinary use of the vehicle. For I his reason the ordinary method followed to connect the-panels to the upright pieces D and the upright pieces .D has been to bore holes through the panels from outside to inside and to put screws or bolts in these holes. These screws or bolts would also pass into the adjacent uprights D and D and in the case of bolts extend through theupright, so as to receive a nut at the inside of the upright, which was duly applied. 'When screws were used, their thread engaged the female thread formed in the upright piece.

In order to prevent the heads of the screws or bolts from projectingat the outside of the panel and suggesting an unfinished job, those holes in the panels are countersunk at the outer side of each panel, allowing the head of the screw or bolt to be sunk into the panel and not project beyond it.

In the, case of more highly-finished vehicles the counter-sinking is so deep that when the screws or bolts are in place the outersurface of the head is at a distance below or back of the surface of the outside of the panel. The opening thus left is filled, as it is intended to be, with putty even with the outer surface of the panel. The entire outside of the panel is duly painted in the usual manner and duly varnished, as is customary. Ordinarily when the vehicle is new these puttied holes cannot be seen, and the outside of the entire panel appears to be one unbroken lustrous surface.

The ordinary use of a vehicle racks the same. The side thrusts and the vertical thrusts to which it is subjected when in use move all the parts to some extent. Such racking causes the bolts to move somewhat. The movement of the bolts although slight disturbs the putty filling referred to and causes it to break the handsome surface of the panel. Then to restore the beauty of the panel it must be repainted, thereby incurring an additional expense. It is also the fact that whenever a new upright has to be put in to replace a decayed or broken one those screws which secured the panel to this infirm or broken upright would have to be removed, and in those cases where bolts were used instead of screws the disturbance of the bolts operates to frequently break the puttied surface and there destroy the luster of the surface of the panel. My invention obviates all of these disadvantages and also confers other advantages, as will be hereinafter apparent.

To secure the panels to their respective supporting-uprights, I do not bore holes through the panels. First, I provide a bolt K, having a shank K and a screw-thread K on one portion. An eye K is located at the other end of the bolt. The bolt K has a suitable nut K adapted to engage the screw-thread K in the usual manner.

Wherever a bolt is to be attached to a panel, so as to secure the latter to the frame-that is, to the sills or posts, &c.l form a recess M in the panel. This recess is formed from the inside of the panel and extends from the inside surface of the panel outwardly into the material of the panel, but stops short of going through the panel. In the panel I bore or otherwise form an opening N, which passes down vertically. This opening meets the recess M and is continued not only above, but below the recess. This opening N is preferably extended from the top edge of the panel to the bottom edge of the panel, as indicated by the vertical dotted lines at N N N N. (See Fig. 2.) After the eye is placed in its recess M a rod P is passed down in the opening N is usually in the same vertical plane as the other recess or recesses. Hence an opening N extended down will enable the single rod P, which is passed through it, to lock every such bolt to the panel. One rod (key) Pwill thus look a number of bolts to place. The various bolts on each panel are all preferably thus inserted in their panel, and thus locked in place.

It is convenient to bore the hole (opening N) all the way down through the panel. A ready means of my invention for securing the rod P from dropping down consists in providing the rod P with a hooked end portion P thefreeterminalP ofwhichispointed. After the rod P has been inserted in the panel from below it is forcibly driven upward and the point embedded in the part of the sill or frame which is adjacent to the hook.- When the hook is thus'embedded, it aids in holding the panel to the sill, and when there are a number of such bolts their hooks thus applied greatly increase the strength of the structure.

At any time after the bolts K are secured in place in the panel the latter can be attached thereby to the frame. Of course the bolts have been so located in the panel as to come opposite those parts of the frame which they (the bolts) are to engage to hold the panel thereto. A hole R is bored through the frame opposite a given bolt. The end part of the hole at the inside face of the frame is countersunk at B. to receive the nut K When the bolt K is passed through the hole R and the nut K screwed thereon, the nut will lie within recess R and not project beyond the frame. This location of the bolt and nut relative to the rod P, panel, and frame-piece is well illustrated in Fig. 6.

Among the various ad vantages which result from the use of my invention are the following, to wit: The bolts can be secured in place in the panel by their securing-rod P and the panel be readily packed. The bolts when united to the frame are not likely to draw through the panel, because the rod P extends over a large surface and has a great and efficient bearing on a large extent of wood. In case of great strain the panel is less likely to be split in horizontal fractures at the points where the bolts attach than it is where the ordinary bolt is used in the ordinary manner. The securingrod P by means of its hook (when the latter is employed) will strengthen the connection of the panel at its edge to the frame.

An advantage of primary importance is the following: The panels can be painted and varnished. They can receive any desired amount of lustrous painting and ornamentation before being attached to the frame. When set up and connected to the frame, there is no filling of bolt-holes with putty nor painting over of bolt-heads required. The elision of such additional painting, which becomes necessary when the bolts are inserted from the outside of the panel, amounts to a great saving of time and labor. I am also enabled to provide a panel whose outer surface will not be cracked or broken by bolt-heads when the vehicle-body is subjected to strains. Hence my invention will render the lustrous surface of the panel durable for a long period of time.

It is to be noted that the hook P may be put into the edge of the panel instead of into the frame, and when the frame is not at the panel edge this location of the hook will obtain; but ordinarily the frame will be at or close to the panel edge, and the hook P is preferably put into the frame.

In view of the fact that the frame is preferably countersunk at B I form in the side of the nut the recesses K K one on each side of the bolt-hole. These recesses can be engaged by a forked screw-driver, whose forks are respectively adapted to engage them. In this way the nut can be rapidly screwed on the bolt into the countersunk opening at R. It is to be noted that in certain instances the nut may be dispensed with and the screw end of the bolt be screwed directly into the frame or equivalent part. In such event the screw might be gimlet-poinled.

My invention is obviously applicable for connecting panels or sidings to articles other than vehicle-bodies, and I wish to be understood as claiming its application thereto.

When the bolt K is drawn tightly, it will hold the rod in place if the rod has no hook or other means for preventing it slipping down, and the perforation N goes all the way through the panel.

What I claim as new and of my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is 1. The combination of a panel, having a recess M in one side of the panel, a bolt K, having at one end an eye K, received into said recess, and means combined with the panel for holding the bolt thereto, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

2. The combination of apanel, having a recess M in one side of the panel, and a bolt K having at one end an eye K received into said recess, and a rod passed into the panel and through said eye, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

3. The combination of a panel having a recess M in one side of the panel, and a bolt K having at one end an eye K received into said-recess, and a rod passed into the panel and through said eye, one end of the rod having a hook adapted to engage the structure and prevent the displacement of the bolt, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

4. The combination of a frame and a panel havingarecess M in one side of the panel, and a bolt K, having at one end an eye K received into the said recess, and a rod passed into the said panel and through said eye, the rod atone end having a hook adapted to engage theipart adjacent, and hold the rod in position,.substantially as and for the purposes specified. 5. The combination of a frame and a panel having a recess M in one side of the panel, and

a bolt K, having at one end an eye K received, into the said recess and a rod passed into the said panel and through said eye, the red at one end having a hook adapted to engage the frame, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

6. The boltK, having a rounded shank, provided at one end with a peripheral screwthread adapted to receive a nut and at the other end flattened and greatly diminished in thickness but enlarged in width, and such thinned enlarged end provided with a bolthole, and a panel having a thin flat recessin its side adapted to receive the thinned enlarged end of the bolt, the panel and bolt, adapted to receive a fastening-rod run in the panel and through the hole in this enlarged end of the bolt, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

7. A frame and panel havinga perforation in the plane of its width, and a rod received therein, and means adapted to engage at one side of the panel the rod, and the frame, and .holdsaid panel and frame together, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

8. A frame and panel havinga perforation in the plane of its width and a rod received therein, and means adapted to engage at one side of the panel, the rod and the frame and hold the said panel and frame together, the rod provided at and with a hook, for engaging an adjacent part, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

9. A panel having a recess at oneside, a frame at the latter side, a bolt having an eye at one end received into said recess, the panel perforated in the plane of its width, a rod received in said perforation and passing through the eye of the bolt, the frame having a perforation countersunk at end, the bolt being received into said perforation and its nut into the countersunk portion,substantially as and for the purposes specified.

10. A panel having a recess at one side, a frame at the latter side, a bolt having an eye at one end received into said recess, the panel perforated in the plane of its width, a rod received in said perforation and passing through theeye of the bolt, the frame having a perforation countersunk at end, the bolt being received into said perforation and its nut into the countersunk-portion, the nut having the cross-recesses K, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

11. A panel having a recess at one side, a frame at the same side thereof, a bolt having an eye K adapted to be. received into the recess, means for engaging said eye and hold.- ing it in said recess, the frame adapted to receive the bolt and the nut K having the crossrecesses K substantially as and for the purposes specified. 

